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CARBON-ENHANCED METAL-POOR STAR FREQUENCIES IN THE GALAXY: CORRECTIONS FOR THE EFFECT OF EVOLUTIONARY STATUS ON CARBON ABUNDANCES

Author(s)
Placco, Vinicius M.; Beers, Timothy C.; Stancliffe, Richard J.; Frebel, Anna L.
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Abstract
We revisit the observed frequencies of carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars as a function of the metallicity in the Galaxy, using data from the literature with available high-resolution spectroscopy. Our analysis excludes stars exhibiting clear overabundances of neutron-capture elements and takes into account the expected depletion of surface carbon abundance that occurs due to CN processing on the upper red giant branch. This allows for the recovery of the initial carbon abundance of these stars, and thus for an accurate assessment of the frequencies of carbon-enhanced stars. The correction procedure we develop is based on stellar-evolution models and depends on the surface gravity, log g, of a given star. Our analysis indicates that for stars with [Fe/H] ≤–2.0, 20% exhibit [C/Fe] ≥+0.7. This fraction increases to 43% for [Fe/H] ≤–3.0 and 81% for [Fe/H] ≤–4.0, which is higher than have been previously inferred without taking the carbon abundance correction into account. These CEMP star frequencies provide important inputs for Galactic and stellar chemical evolution models, as they constrain the evolution of carbon at early times and the possible formation channels for the CEMP-no stars. We also have developed a public online tool with which carbon corrections using our procedure can be easily obtained.
Date issued
2014-11
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/93128
Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics; MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research
Journal
The Astrophysical Journal
Publisher
IOP Publishing
Citation
Placco, Vinicius M., Anna Frebel, Timothy C. Beers, and Richard J. Stancliffe. “CARBON-ENHANCED METAL-POOR STAR FREQUENCIES IN THE GALAXY: CORRECTIONS FOR THE EFFECT OF EVOLUTIONARY STATUS ON CARBON ABUNDANCES.” The Astrophysical Journal 797, no. 1 (November 20, 2014): 21. © 2014 The American Astronomical Society
Version: Final published version
ISSN
0004-637X
1538-4357

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