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Simple and strong: twisted silver painted nylon artificial muscle actuated by Joule heating

Author(s)
Mirvakili, Seyed Mohammad; Rafie Ravandi, Ali; Haines, Carter S.; Li, Na; Foroughi, Javad; Naficy, Sina; Spinks, Geoffrey M.; Baughman, Ray H.; Madden, John D. W.; Hunter, Ian; ... Show more Show less
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Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use.
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Abstract
Highly oriented nylon and polyethylene fibres shrink in length when heated and expand in diameter. By twisting and then coiling monofilaments of these materials to form helical springs, the anisotropic thermal expansion has recently been shown to enable tensile actuation of up to 49% upon heating. Joule heating, by passing a current through a conductive coating on the surface of the filament, is a convenient method of controlling actuation. In previously reported work this has been done using highly flexible carbon nanotube sheets or commercially available silver coated fibres. In this work silver paint is used as the Joule heating element at the surface of the muscle. Up to 29% linear actuation is observed with energy and power densities reaching 840 kJ m[superscript -3] (528 J kg[superscript -1]) and 1.1 kW kg[superscript -1] (operating at 0.1 Hz, 4% strain, 1.4 kg load). This simple coating method is readily accessible and can be applied to any polymer filament. Effective use of this technique relies on uniform coating to avoid temperature gradients.
Date issued
2014-03
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/97478
Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. BioInstrumentation Laboratory; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering
Journal
Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering
Publisher
SPIE
Citation
Mirvakili, Seyed M., Ali Rafie Ravandi, Ian W. Hunter, Carter S. Haines, Na Li, Javad Foroughi, Sina Naficy, Geoffrey M. Spinks, Ray H. Baughman, and John D. W. Madden. “Simple and Strong: Twisted Silver Painted Nylon Artificial Muscle Actuated by Joule Heating.” Edited by Yoseph Bar-Cohen. Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices (EAPAD) 2014 (March 8, 2014). © 2014 SPIE
Version: Final published version
ISSN
0277-786X

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