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Unraveling the processes shaping mammalian gut microbiomes over evolutionary time

Author(s)
Mazel, Florent; Sanders, Jon G.; Lavergne, Sebastien; Thuiller, Wilfried; Groussin, Mathieu; Smillie, Chris S; Alm, Eric J; ... Show more Show less
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Abstract
Whether mammal–microbiome interactions are persistent and specific over evolutionary time is controversial. Here we show that host phylogeny and major dietary shifts have affected the distribution of different gut bacterial lineages and did so on vastly different bacterial phylogenetic resolutions. Diet mostly influences the acquisition of ancient and large microbial lineages. Conversely, correlation with host phylogeny is mostly seen among more recently diverged bacterial lineages, consistent with processes operating at similar timescales to host evolution. Considering microbiomes at appropriate phylogenetic scales allows us to model their evolution along the mammalian tree and to infer ancient diets from the predicted microbiomes of mammalian ancestors. Phylogenetic analyses support co-speciation as having a significant role in the evolution of mammalian gut microbiome compositions. Highly co-speciating bacterial genera are also associated with immune diseases in humans, laying a path for future studies that probe these co-speciating bacteria for signs of co-evolution.
Date issued
2017-02
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/110114
Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics
Journal
Nature Communications
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
Citation
Groussin, Mathieu; Mazel, Florent; Sanders, Jon G.; Smillie, Chris S.; Lavergne, Sébastien; Thuiller, Wilfried and Alm, Eric J. “Unraveling the Processes Shaping Mammalian Gut Microbiomes over Evolutionary Time.” Nature Communications 8 (February 2017): 14319 © 2017 The Authors
Version: Final published version
ISSN
2041-1723

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