Diversity and evolution of class 2 CRISPR–Cas systems

Author(s)
Shmakov, Sergey; Smargon, Aaron Andrew; Scott, David (David Arthur); Cox, David D.; Pyzocha, Neena; ... Show more
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Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
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Abstract
Class 2 CRISPR-Cas systems are characterized by effector modules that consist of a single multidomain protein, such as Cas9 or Cpf1. We designed a computational pipeline for the discovery of novel class 2 variants and used it to identify six new CRISPR-Cas subtypes. The diverse properties of these new systems provide potential for the development of versatile tools for genome editing and regulation. In this Analysis article, we present a comprehensive census of class 2 types and class 2 subtypes in complete and draft bacterial and archaeal genomes, outline evolutionary scenarios for the independent origin of different class 2 CRISPR-Cas systems from mobile genetic elements, and propose an amended classification and nomenclature of CRISPR-Cas. Keywords: Bacterial evolution; Bacterial genetics; CRISPR-Cas systems
Date issued
2017-01
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/125361
Department
Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology; Harvard University--MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology; McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering
Journal
Nature Reviews Microbiology
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Citation
Shmakov, Sergey et al. "Diversity and evolution of class 2 CRISPR–Cas systems." Nature Reviews Microbiology 15, 3 (March 2017): 169–182
Version: Author's final manuscript
ISSN
1740-1526
1740-1534
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