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My sister's keeper?: genomic research and the identifiability of siblings

Author(s)
Cassa, Christopher A.; Schmidt, Brian; Kohane, Isaac; Mandl, Kenneth D.
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Abstract
Background Genomic sequencing of SNPs is increasingly prevalent, though the amount of familial information these data contain has not been quantified. Methods We provide a framework for measuring the risk to siblings of a patient's SNP genotype disclosure, and demonstrate that sibling SNP genotypes can be inferred with substantial accuracy. Results Extending this inference technique, we determine that a very low number of matches at commonly varying SNPs is sufficient to confirm sib-ship, demonstrating that published sequence data can reliably be used to derive sibling identities. Using HapMap trio data, at SNPs where one child is homozygotic major, with a minor allele frequency ≤ 0.20, (N = 452684, 65.1%) we achieve 91.9% inference accuracy for sibling genotypes. Conclusion These findings demonstrate that substantial discrimination and privacy risks arise from use of inferred familial genomic data.
Date issued
2008-07
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/52440
Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Journal
BMC Medical Genomics
Publisher
BioMed Central Ltd.
Citation
Cassa, Christopher et al. “My sister's keeper?: genomic research and the identifiability of siblings.” BMC Medical Genomics 1.1 (2008): 32.
Version: Final published version
ISSN
1755-8794

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