High-Bandwidth AFM-Based Rheology Reveals that Cartilage is Most Sensitive to High Loading Rates at Early Stages of Impairment
Author(s)
Tavakoli Nia, Hadi; Soltani Bozchalooi, Iman; Li, Yang; Han, Lin; Hung, Han-Hwa K.; Frank, Eliot; Youcef-Toumi, Kamal; Ortiz, Christine; Grodzinsky, Alan J.; ... Show more Show less
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Utilizing a newly developed atomic-force-microscopy-based wide-frequency rheology system, we measured the dynamic nanomechanical behavior of normal and glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-depleted cartilage, the latter representing matrix degradation that occurs at the earliest stages of osteoarthritis. We observed unique variations in the frequency-dependent stiffness and hydraulic permeability of cartilage in the 1 Hz-to-10 kHz range, a frequency range that is relevant to joint motions from normal ambulation to high-frequency impact loading. Measurement in this frequency range is well beyond the capabilities of typical commercial atomic force microscopes. We showed that the dynamic modulus of cartilage undergoes a dramatic alteration after GAG loss, even with the collagen network still intact: whereas the magnitude of the dynamic modulus decreased two- to threefold at higher frequencies, the peak frequency of the phase angle of the modulus (representing fluid-solid frictional dissipation) increased 15-fold from 55 Hz in normal cartilage to 800 Hz after GAG depletion. These results, based on a fibril-reinforced poroelastic finite-element model, demonstrated that GAG loss caused a dramatic increase in cartilage hydraulic permeability (up to 25-fold), suggesting that early osteoarthritic cartilage is more vulnerable to higher loading rates than to the conventionally studied “loading magnitude”. Thus, over the wide frequency range of joint motion during daily activities, hydraulic permeability appears the most sensitive marker of early tissue degradation.
Date issued
2013-04Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Center for Biomedical Engineering; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical EngineeringJournal
Biophysical Journal
Publisher
Elsevier B.V.
Citation
Nia, Hadi Tavakoli, Iman S. Bozchalooi, Yang Li, Lin Han, Han-Hwa Hung, Eliot Frank, Kamal Youcef-Toumi, Christine Ortiz, and Alan Grodzinsky. “High-Bandwidth AFM-Based Rheology Reveals That Cartilage Is Most Sensitive to High Loading Rates at Early Stages of Impairment.” Biophysical Journal 104, no. 7 (April 2013): 1529–1537.
Version: Final published version
ISSN
00063495